Skip to main content

Grammar

Interrogative Adverbs

CEFR level: A1 · Topic: Adverbs

Interrogative adverbs (soru zarfları) ask about the circumstances of an action: how, when, where, why, and how much. Because the question word itself makes the sentence a question, you do not add the yes/no particle mi/mı/mu/mü.

The Main Interrogative Adverbs

WordMeaningExample
nasılhowNasıl geldin? (How did you come / get here?)
ne zamanwhenNe zaman gideceksin? (When will you go?)
neredewhere (location)Nerede yaşıyorsun? (Where do you live?)
nereyewhere to (direction)Nereye gidiyorsun? (Where are you going?)
neredenwhere from (origin)Nereden geliyorsun? (Where are you coming from?)
neden / niçin / niyewhyNeden ağlıyorsun? (Why are you crying?)
ne kadarhow much / how longNe kadar bekledin? (How long did you wait?)

Useful Notes

  • Nerede / nereye / nereden are built from nere + a case ending: locative -de (at), dative -(y)e (to), ablative -den (from). Choose the one that matches the verb: oturmak, yaşamak, çalışmak → nerede; gitmek, gelmek (to a place) → nereye.
  • Neden, niçin, niye all mean "why". Neden is the neutral everyday choice, niçin sounds a little more formal, and niye is colloquial.
  • Ne kadar covers amount, price and duration: Bu ceket ne kadar? (How much is this jacket?). For countable numbers use kaç (how many): Kaç kardeşin var? (How many siblings do you have?)
  • Nasıl can also be a predicate or an adjective: Nasılsın? (How are you?), Nasıl bir ev? (What kind of house?)

Word Order

Put the question word where the answer would go, which is usually directly before the verb: Ahmet dün nereye gitti? → Ahmet dün markete gitti. (Where did Ahmet go yesterday? → Ahmet went to the market yesterday.) Neden often comes at the start of the sentence.

More Examples

  • Toplantı ne zaman başlıyor? (When does the meeting start?)
  • Anahtarları nereye koydun? (Where did you put the keys?)
  • İstanbul'a nasıl gideceğiz? (How will we get to Istanbul?)
  • Neden bana söylemedin? (Why didn't you tell me?)
  • Niye bu kadar yorgunsun? (Why are you so tired?)
  • Ne zamandan beri Türkçe öğreniyorsun? (How long have you been learning Turkish?)

Common Mistakes

  • ✗ Nereye yaşıyorsun? → ✓ Nerede yaşıyorsun? (living happens at a place, so use the locative form)
  • ✗ Nerede gidiyorsun? → ✓ Nereye gidiyorsun? (movement towards a place needs the dative form)
  • ✗ Nasıl geldin mi? → ✓ Nasıl geldin? (never combine a question word with mi)
  • ✗ Ne kadar kardeşin var? → ✓ Kaç kardeşin var? (use kaç for things you count)

Practice Zone

1. Which interrogative adverb asks 'How?'

Related Grammar Topics

Learn Anywhere

Take FluenTurk Offline

Practice grammar, learn vocabulary, and track your progress on the go with our dedicated mobile app.

AndroidiOS