Grammar
- Verb Stems & Infinitives
- Person Suffixes
- Present Simple / Aorist (-r)
- Present Continuous (-iyor)
- Past Simple / Definite Past (-di)
- Past Continuous / Imperfect (-iyordu)
- Future Tense (-ecek/-acak)
- Narrative/Reported Past (-miş)
- Imperative Mood
- Optative Mood (-e)
- Necessitative Mood (-meli/-malı)
- Conditional Mood (-se/-sa)
- Ability (-ebilmek/-abilmek)
- Negation (-me/-ma)
- Questions (-mi?)
- Passive Voice (-il/-in)
- Causative Voice (-dir, -t, etc.)
- Verbal Nouns (-me, -mek, -iş)
- Participles (Sıfat-Fiiller)
- Gerunds / Adverbial Clauses
Grammar
Turkish Nouns & Noun Phrases
Turkish nouns have no grammatical gender and no articles like "the". Instead, a noun’s role in the sentence is shown with suffixes: plural -lAr, the case endings (accusative, dative, locative, ablative, genitive), and possessive endings that mean "my", "your", "his/her".
These lessons explain each suffix, the order in which they stack, and how they combine into noun phrases such as "evimin kapısı" (the door of my house).
11 lessons in this topic
- 1.BasicsA1
Turkish noun basics: no grammatical gender, no word for 'the', plurals with -ler/-lar, and why you never pluralise a noun after a number.
- 2.Noun Cases (İsim Halleri)A1
An overview of the Turkish noun cases: nominative, accusative, dative, locative, ablative and genitive, with their suffixes and core meanings.
- 3.Nominative (Yalın)A1
The Turkish nominative (yalın hal) is the bare noun with no case suffix. Learn when to use it for subjects, indefinite objects and after postpositions.
- 4.Accusative (-i)A1
The accusative -(y)ı/-i/-u/-ü marks definite direct objects in Turkish. Learn when the suffix is required and when a bare object is correct.
- 5.Dative (-e)A1
The Turkish dative -(y)e/-(y)a means 'to' or 'toward'. Use it for destinations, recipients and verbs like sevinmek, başlamak and inanmak.
- 6.Locative (-de)A1
The Turkish locative -de/-da/-te/-ta means 'in', 'on' or 'at'. Express location, time and states, and learn the t-forms after voiceless consonants.
- 7.Ablative (-den)A1
The Turkish ablative -den/-dan/-ten/-tan means 'from'. Use it for origin, cause, comparison with daha, and verbs like korkmak and hoşlanmak.
- 8.Genitive (-in)A1
The Turkish genitive -(n)ın/-in/-un/-ün shows possession like 'of'. See how it pairs with possessive suffixes: Ali'nin kitabı, evin kapısı.
- 9.Possessive SuffixesA1
Say 'my', 'your', 'his' in Turkish with possessive suffixes: evim, evin, evi, evimiz, eviniz, evleri. Includes harmony and consonant changes.
- 10.Compound Nouns (İsim Tamlamaları)A2
Turkish noun compounds (isim tamlamaları): definite (evin kapısı), indefinite (ev kapısı) and chain compounds, with case endings and the 'n' buffer.
- 11.Buffer Consonant 'y'A1
Why Turkish inserts 'y' between two vowels (arabaya, okuyorum, öğretmenim vs. öğrenciyim), and how the buffers n, s and ş differ from y.